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1941年Gregg发现婴儿先天性畸形与母亲妊娠期风疹有关,始引起人们对外来因素致畸胎作用的重视。 1959～1962年间,反应停(酞胺哌啶酮,Thalidomide)引起数以千计的婴儿发生严重畸形。从此,学者们对妊娠期投药可能引起畸形的危险进行了广泛的临床和实验研究。此外,由于发现一些化学物质在局部和全身应用后可能引起癌肿,以及职业性癌肿发生率的递增,同样也引起了对化学因素特别是药物的致癌作用的重视。
In 1941 Gregg found that congenital malformations in infants and mothers during pregnancy rubella, initially caused by the external factors of teratogenic effect attention. Between 1959 and 1962, Thalidomide caused serious deformities in thousands of babies. Since then, a wide range of clinical and experimental studies have been conducted by scholars on the potential risk of deformity during pregnancy. In addition, the discovery that some chemicals may cause cancer after topical and systemic application, and the increasing incidence of occupational cancer also attract attention to the carcinogenic effects of chemical agents, especially drugs.