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目的总结分析25年来石家庄市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行特征。方法对1984-2008年石家庄市HFRS监测资料进行描述分析。结果石家庄市的HFRS疫情出现了1986、1999年两个疫情高峰,从2003年开始,疫情迅速下降,报告发病率由2002年的13.28/10万迅速下降为5.71/10万,并逐年下降到2008年的0.32/10万(38例)。全市疫情呈现出春季、宅区、流动人口多发的特点。2003-2008年的鼠间疫情监测发现,鼠密度、鼠带病毒率基本呈下降趋势,但2008年的鼠带病毒率突然升高到7.32%。全市HFRS优势鼠种为褐家鼠、小家鼠,其带病毒率分别为5.50%、5.21%。鼠密度、鼠带病毒率春季、室内较高。结论尽管石家庄市HFRS疫情呈下降趋势,但不能掉以轻心,要加强监测,提高疫情报告质量,采取综合措施预防控制其卷土重来。
Objective To summarize and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shijiazhuang city in the past 25 years. Methods The data of HFRS monitoring in Shijiazhuang from 1984 to 2008 were described and analyzed. Results The epidemic situation of HFRS in Shijiazhuang City was peaked in 1986 and 1999. Since 2003, the outbreak of HFRS rapidly dropped. The incidence of HFRS in Shijiazhuang rapidly dropped from 13.28 / 100000 in 2002 to 5.71 / 100000 and dropped to 2008 0.32 / 100 thousand (38 cases) per year. The city’s epidemic presents a spring, residential areas, floating population characteristics. The surveillance of outbreaks in rats during 2003-2008 showed that the rat density and the incidence of murine virus were basically declining, but the incidence of murine virus in 2008 suddenly increased to 7.32%. The city’s dominant HFRS rat species Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, with a virus rate of 5.50%, respectively, 5.21%. Rat density, rat virus rate in spring, indoor higher. Conclusion Although the epidemic situation of HFRS in Shijiazhuang City has been declining, it should not be taken lightly. Monitoring should be strengthened to improve the quality of the epidemic report, and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control its resurgence.