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目的了解苯作业工人职业健康状况,探究不同岗位苯作业工人血液指标变化。方法选取青岛市崂山区211名苯作业工人为苯接触组,按岗位不同分为刷胶组和喷涂组,选取53名非接触苯职工为对照,统计分析刷胶组、喷涂组、对照组间血液指标的差异。结果刷胶岗位、喷涂岗位和对照组白细胞异常率分别为19.64%、7.14%和1.13%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);刷胶岗位、喷涂岗位、对照组红细胞计数分别为4.35×10~(12)、4.50×10~(12)和4.59×10~(12)/L(P<0.05),3组血红蛋白分别为126.37、134.55和135.85g/L,刷胶岗位血红蛋白水平显著低于喷涂岗位与对照组(P<0.01)。结论青岛市崂山区苯接触岗位工人白细胞异常率较高,红细胞均数及血红蛋白均数下降可能是接苯工人血液指标早期改变的敏感指标。
Objective To understand the occupational health status of benzene workers and explore the changes of blood indexes of benzene workers in different positions. Methods A total of 211 benzene-exposed workers in Laoshan District of Qingdao City were selected as benzene exposure group. According to their positions, they were divided into brushing group and spraying group. 53 non-contact benzene workers were selected as control. Statistical analysis was made between brushing group, spraying group and control group Differences in blood indicators. Results The abnormal rates of white blood cells in brushing post, spraying post and control group were 19.64%, 7.14% and 1.13% respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The numbers of erythrocytes in brushing post, spraying post and control group were 4.35 × The levels of hemoglobin in the three groups were 126.37, 134.55 and 135.85 g / L, respectively, and the levels of hemoglobin in the brushing positions were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.05) The spraying position and the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Workers with benzene exposure in Laoshan District of Qingdao City have higher rates of leucocyte abnormalities, and the mean number of red blood cells and the mean number of hemoglobin may be the sensitive indicator of the early changes in the blood indexes of workers exposed to benzene.