脊髓灰质炎(polio,也称作小儿麻痹症)几乎被根除了。目前,大多数脊髓灰质炎爆发风险并不是来自于野外的脊髓灰质炎病毒(poliovirus),而是来自于由减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒组成的口服疫苗。这些病毒积累突变,从而允许它们在未充分接种的人群中传播,重新获得毒力,甚至导致疾病爆发。目前,根据一项新的研究,研究人员绘制出脊髓灰质炎病毒发生的一系列突变,这可能解 Polio (also known as polio) is almost eradicated. Currently, most polio episodes are not at risk from the poliovirus in the wild, but from the oral vaccine consisting of attenuated poliovirus. These viruses accumulate mutations that allow them to spread in under-vaccinated populations, regain their virulence and even lead to disease outbreaks. At present, according to a new study, researchers mapped out a series of mutations in the poliovirus that could potentially unravel