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目的探讨我国西藏自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区居民居住海拔和血脂水平的关系。方法 2015~2016年期间,采用分层多阶段随机抽样,选取西藏自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区≥35岁调查对象7510人,有效数据5634人。利用该资料分析居民居住海拔和总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDLC)及低密度脂蛋白(LDLC)的关系。结果本调查西藏自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区≥35岁居民血脂异常的发生率为18.7%,男性发生率高于女性(25.1%vs 13.7%,P<0.05)。女性的TC及HDLC水平高于男性(P<0.05)。使用Logistic回归进行多因素分析调整年龄,性别、民族、体重指数,吸烟、饮酒、教育程度、高血压和糖尿病后发现,居住在3500m以上与高血脂异常的患病风险相关(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.33~2.71,P<0.05)。多元线性回归调整其他因素后发现居住在3500m以上与高血清TC、TG及LDLC水平相关,而居住在1000~3500m与低HDLC水平相关(P<0.05)。结论本研究结果提示居住在高海拔的人群可能是血脂异常的高危人群。
Objective To investigate the relationship between living elevation and blood lipid level in residents of Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods From 2015 to 2016, stratified multi-stage random sampling was used to select 7510 people aged 35 or older in Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region with 5634 valid data. This data was used to analyze the relationship between residents’ living elevation and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDLC) and low density lipoprotein (LDLC). Results The incidence of dyslipidemia was 18.7% in Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The incidence of dyslipidemia was higher in males than in females (25.1% vs 13.7%, P <0.05). Female TC and HDLC levels were higher than men (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis using Logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking, drinking, education, high blood pressure, and diabetes found that living above 3500 m was associated with a high prevalence of dyslipidemia (OR = 1.90, 95 % CI: 1.33 ~ 2.71, P <0.05). Multiple linear regression adjusted for other factors found that living in more than 3500m with high serum levels of TC, TG and LDLC, while living in the 1000 ~ 3500m with low HDLC level (P <0.05). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that people living at high altitudes may be at high risk for dyslipidemia.