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通过对多种耐热不锈钢进行硼砂浴腐蚀及抗氧化试验,研究了各种耐热不锈钢在硼砂浴中的耐腐蚀性及高温抗氧化性。研究结果表明,材料中元素的种类及含量对硼砂浴炉用金属材料的使用寿命有较大影响,其中Ni、Cr元素对材料的耐蚀性及抗氧化性起着决定性作用。材料中Cr含量在20%左右及Ni含量在35%左右时得到最佳的耐蚀性。Cr含量与Ni含量之和不小于45%的材料的高温抗氧化性符合硼砂浴的使用要求。耐热不锈钢的腐蚀主要集中在硼砂浴与空气的交界面处,其他位置腐蚀较弱。硼砂浴中Na2O和B2O3的存在加速了耐热不锈钢的腐蚀。这些研究结果为硼砂浴用坩埚及工夹具的选材提供了依据。
The corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance of various heat-resistant stainless steels in borax bath were studied by borax bath corrosion and oxidation tests on various heat-resistant stainless steels. The results show that the type and content of the elements in the material have a great influence on the service life of the metal materials used in the borax bath furnace, and the Ni and Cr elements play a decisive role in the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the material. Material Cr content of about 20% and Ni content of about 35% get the best corrosion resistance. The high temperature oxidation resistance of the material with the sum of Cr content and Ni content not less than 45% conforms to the requirements of the borax bath. The corrosion of heat-resistant stainless steel is mainly concentrated at the interface of the borax bath and the air, and the corrosion at other locations is weak. The presence of Na2O and B2O3 in the borax accelerates the corrosion of the heat-resistant stainless steel. The results of these studies provide a basis for the selection of crucibles and fixtures for borax baths.