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三溴甲烷在生活、生产上有着广泛的用途,主要用作溶剂、致冷剂、防火化学品以及有机合成的中间体和药物制造。进入环境中的三溴甲烷大多是用氯气给水消毒时产生的副产物,而企业在生产和使用三溴甲烷及贮运过程中,作业工人会因接触三溴甲烷而产生健康损害。由于三溴甲烷环境和职业暴露途径广泛,其毒性和健康风险也越来越受到人们的关注,需要尽快制定和完善三溴甲烷的职业和环境接触限值。
Tribromomethane has a wide range of uses in the life and production. It is mainly used as solvents, refrigerants, fire-proof chemicals, and intermediates and pharmaceuticals for organic synthesis. Most of the brominated tribromomethane entering the environment is a by-product of disinfection with chlorine gas. In the production and use of tribromomethane by enterprises, workers may experience health damage due to exposure to tribromomethane. Given the wide spectrum of TBROM environements and occupational exposures, their toxicological and health risks are also receiving increased attention and require the development and refinement of occupational and environmental exposure limits for TBROM as soon as possible.