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长江上游地区土层薄,蓄水容量差,由于雨量集中,容易导致洪、旱灾害交替发生,进行坡面径流调控降低土壤含水量是流域治理的有效手段,坡面径流的快速测评可为径流调控提供数据支持。研究采用野外调查和取样分析的方法,得到长江上游不同土壤类型土层厚度和物理性质;统计分析长江上游不同地区5年一遇最大24 h降雨量,基于径流形成原理,计算得到长江上游地区径流系数为0.53;不同地区壤中流占总径流量的比例均值为30%,研究结果可为坡面径流调控提供理论依据。
The upper reaches of the Yangtze River have thin soil layers and poor water storage capacity. Due to the concentration of rainfall, flood and drought disasters easily occur alternately. Slope runoff regulation and reduction of soil water content are effective measures for watershed management. Rapid evaluation of runoff can be used as runoff Regulation provides data support. The field investigation and sampling analysis were used to get the thickness and physical properties of soil layers of different types of soil in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. According to the maximum 24 h rainfall in different areas in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the runoff formation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River The coefficient is 0.53; the average proportion of runoff in different regions of the total runoff is 30%, and the research results can provide the theoretical basis for slope runoff regulation.