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以盐酸为B酸供体将N-甲基咪唑(mim)质子化得到Brφnsted酸性离子液体mim·HCl,继续与Lewis酸供体FeCl3反应合成了一族Brφnsted-Lewis双酸性离子液体氯化-1-氢-3-甲基咪唑氯铁酸盐(1-x)[mim·HCl]x[FeCl3],x为Lewis酸所占的摩尔分数。分别用吡啶和乙腈探针红外光谱表征和比较了其酸性,并将其应用于催化松香的二聚反应。所合成的一族双酸性离子液体中,(1-x)[mim·HCl]x[FeCl3](x=0.64)催化松香二聚反应时,二聚产物的软化点比空白样品提高了15℃;其催化活性在重复利用5次后才开始下降。
A series of Brφnsted-Lewis bisacid ionic liquids were synthesized by the protonation of N-methylimidazole (mim) with hydrochloric acid as the B acid donor to obtain the Brφnsted acidic ionic liquid mim · HCl and the Lewis acid donor FeCl3. Hydrogen-3-methylimidazolium ferrocyanide (1-x) [mim · HCl] x [FeCl3], where x is the mole fraction of Lewis acid. Their acidities were characterized and compared by infrared spectroscopy of pyridine and acetonitrile respectively and their catalytic activities were used to catalyze the dimerization of rosin. The softening point of the dimerized product was 15 ℃ higher than that of the blank sample when (1-x) [mim · HCl] x [FeCl3] (x = 0.64) catalyzed the reaction of rosin dimerization. Its catalytic activity began to decline after it was reused five times.