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目的分析甘肃省2004—2011年新生儿死亡特点及死因构成,为降低我省新生儿死亡率提供科学依据。方法收集甘肃省5岁以下儿童死亡监测点2004—2011年新生儿死亡监测数据,分析新生儿死亡特点及死因构成。结果 2004—2011年共监测活产新生儿161 700例,新生儿死亡1 572例(9.72‰),其中早期新生儿(0~7天)死亡1 332例(84.8%)。城市、农村及全省死亡新生儿中男婴(28.0%、31.1%、59.1%)比例均高于女婴(18.3%、22.3%、40.6%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。新生儿死亡出生地省(市)医院占38.0%,县区等基层医院及在家庭死亡占62.0%。新生儿死亡的主要原因为出生窒息和早产/低出生体重,县区医院新生儿死亡的第3位死因为出生缺陷。结论提高县级医疗单位的急救水平,完善新生儿急救绿色通道,规范早产/低出生体重儿管理,并做好出生缺陷早期干预是降低新生儿死亡的关键。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of neonatal death and the causes of death from 2004 to 2011 in Gansu Province, and to provide a scientific basis for reducing neonatal mortality in our province. Methods The data of neonatal death surveillance in 2004-2011 in children under 5 years of age in Gansu province were collected. The characteristics of neonatal death and the cause of death were analyzed. Results A total of 161 700 live births and 1 572 newborns (9.72 ‰) were monitored during 2004-2011, of which 1 332 (84.8%) died of early neonates (0 to 7 days). The percentage of male babies (28.0%, 31.1%, 59.1%) in urban, rural areas and the province was higher than that of female babies (18.3%, 22.3%, 40.6%), but the difference was not statistically significant . Births and deaths of newborns in the province (city) hospitals accounted for 38.0%, county hospitals and other primary hospitals and family deaths accounted for 62.0%. The leading cause of neonatal death was birth asphyxia and premature birth / low birth weight. The third leading cause of neonatal death in county hospitals was birth defects. Conclusion It is the key to reduce the neonatal death rate by improving the first aid level of county medical units, perfecting the first aid green channel, standardizing the management of preterm birth and low birth weight children, and making early intervention of birth defects.