对辽宁省 １９９０～１９９２ 年 ３ 年中 ８ ５０８ 例病残儿童及其父母进行流行病学回顾、追踪性调查。结果：病残儿母 亲有异常分 娩 １５５９％ 、妊娠并 发症 ２９４７％ 、孕期 合并感染 ２４８９％ 、既 往不良妊 娠史７７３％ 、孕 期 接 触 理 化 环 境 １７８５％ 、孕 期 服 药 １２２４％ ； 病 残 儿 父 亲 接 触 理 化 环 境 ２１５９％ 、感 染５３０％ 、长期服药 １３５％ 。病残儿的父母近亲婚配率为 １３６％ ，有 ２２５ 人患有明显的先天性和遗传性疾病。经逐步回归分析，患先天性遗传性疾病、异常分娩、孕期用药、孕期感染、妊娠并发症是导致病残儿的主要危险因素。 The epidemiological and follow-up investigations of 8 508 sick children and their parents in Liaoning Province during the three years from 1990 to 1992 were conducted. Results: The disabled children had 1559% abnormal delivery, 2947% pregnancy complications, 2489% pregnancy complications, 773% history of previous unwanted pregnancies, 1785% exposure to physical and chemical environment during pregnancy, medication during pregnancy 12  24%; father of disabled children contact with the physical and chemical environment 2159%, infection 5  30%, long-term medication 1  35%. The marriage rate of parents with disabled children was 136%, and 225 people had obvious congenital and hereditary diseases. By stepwise regression analysis, patients with congenital hereditary diseases, abnormal delivery, medication during pregnancy, pregnancy infection, pregnancy complications are the main risk factors for disabled children.