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应用BRIEF和PLIBEL方法,对某空管局489名健康空中交通管制员的作业姿势、力量、持续时间和动作频率以及17个相关工效学问题进行现场调查与观察。结果显示,空中交通管制员以颈部工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发生风险最高,其次为背、肩、手腕和右拇指,工效学因素主要来自长期无支撑坐姿颈部、背部前屈、重复性高频率拇指按压动作。不同作业发生风险略有差异,区域空中交通管制员和进近空中交通管制员WMSDs发生风险较高;塔台空中交通管制员活动范围略大,由精力集中导致的僵硬动作少,WMSDs发生风险较低。空中交通管制员和用人单位应加强对上述工效学危险因素的管理与控制,以预防WMSDs。
Using the BRIEF and PLIBEL methods, on-site surveys and observations were made on the operational posture, strength, duration and frequency of operations and 17 related ergonomic issues among 489 air traffic controllers of an ATC. The results showed that air traffic controllers had the highest risk of neck-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), followed by back, shoulders, wrists and right thumbs. Ergonomics mainly came from long-term unsupported sitting neck, back flexion and back Sexual high frequency thumb press action. There is a slight difference in risks between different operations, with higher risks for regional air traffic controllers and approach air traffic controllers; tower air traffic controllers have a slightly larger range of activities, fewer stiff movements due to concentration, and lower risk of WMSDs . Air traffic controllers and employers should strengthen the management and control of the above ergonomic risk factors to prevent WMSDs.