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目的了解重庆市沙坪坝地区0~3岁儿童血铅水平和血铅超标状况。方法 2014-03/2015-02,采用多级抽样方法,抽取沙坪坝区其中的5个街镇内0~3岁的儿童5 191例,采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铅水平。用Excel软件按<1岁、1岁、2岁和3岁4个年龄组对检测资料进行收集、整理,SPSS17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果沙坪坝地区0~3岁儿童血铅检出率100%,平均血铅水平为39.49g/L。各年龄组血铅水平差异有统计学意义(F=31.84,P<0.05),<1岁年龄组血铅水平低,3岁年龄组高。除<1岁年龄组外,各年龄组男女童血铅水平差异有统计学意义,男童高于女童。0~3岁儿童血铅超标率1.34%,各年龄组血铅超标率差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.38,P<0.05),<1岁年龄组血铅超标率低,3岁年龄组高。结论沙坪坝地区0~3岁儿童血铅水平、血铅超标的率都不高,但儿童血铅检出率达100%,随着年龄的增加,血铅水平升高、血铅超标率增加。因而,预防和控制环境中铅对儿童危害工作不容忽视。
Objective To understand the blood lead levels and blood lead levels in children aged 0-3 years in Shapingba district of Chongqing. Methods From March 2014 to February 2015, 5 191 children aged 0 ~ 3 years from 5 towns in Shapingba district were sampled by multistage sampling method, and blood lead levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Data were collected and sorted by Excel software in 4 age groups of <1 year old, 1 year old, 2 years old and 3 years old, and SPSS17.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results The detection rate of blood lead in children aged 0-3 years in Shapingba district was 100%. The average blood lead level was 39.49g / L. Blood lead levels in all age groups were significantly different (F = 31.84, P <0.05). Blood lead level was lower in <1 year old group and higher in 3 years old group. Except for <1 year old group, there was significant difference in blood lead levels between boys and girls in all age groups, boys were higher than girls. The lead level in children aged 0-3 years exceeded the rate of 1.34%. There was significant difference between the two groups in age (χ2 = 24.38, P <0.05). In the age group of 1 year, . Conclusion The levels of blood lead and blood lead in Shapingba district are not high, but the detection rate of blood lead in children reaches 100%. With the increase of age, the blood lead level increases and the blood lead overrun rate increases. Thus, the prevention and control of lead in children’s work against hazards can not be ignored.