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本文应用盐都县气象局的气象资料和江苏省淮南片小麦区试盐城点的试验资料,分析了近10年来盐城市小麦生育期间的气候变化特点及其对小麦生育的影响,并对本区小麦各生育阶段主要气象因素与小麦产量及其构成因素之间进行了相关分析。结果表明:本区气象要素变化最大的是降水量,其次是日照与积温,其中底墒水的变幅最大,其次是后期降水。就对小麦生长的影响而言,前中期日照不足,前期气温偏高(冬暖年),后期降水过多,气温偏低,以及前期干旱、后期大风雨天气均对小麦生产不利,反之则有利。针对这些不利因素,我们提出了相应的预防和挽救措施。
Based on the meteorological data of Yandu Meteorological Bureau and the experimental data of Yancheng City in Huainan, Jiangsu Province, this paper analyzed the characteristics of climate change during the growth of wheat in Yancheng during the past 10 years and their effects on the growth of wheat. Correlation analysis was made between the main meteorological factors at each growth stage and wheat yield and its components. The results show that the meteorological elements in this area have the most changes in precipitation, followed by sunshine and accumulated temperature, of which the variation range of soil moisture is the largest, followed by the precipitation in the later period. In terms of the impact on wheat growth, the lack of sunshine in the first two months, the high temperature in the early period (winter and warm years), the excessive precipitation in the later period, the low temperature, and the earlier drought and the later stormy weather are all unfavorable to the wheat production and vice versa . In response to these unfavorable factors, we put forward the corresponding prevention and rescue measures.