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自 1976 年以来,日本核废料管理基金会与研究中心(RWMC)一直在进行核废料处置的研究。最近,RWMC非常关注核废料处置库的监测、遥控以及现场勘查技术等重要的社会公众与技术问题。其中,处置库溢出气体是一项重要的安全可靠性评估项目。这项名为“工程屏障的气体渗透试验”(GMT)的研究是在瑞士 Nagra 的 Grimsel现场实验室进行的。GMT 集中研究在粮仓形的处置库中由核废料产生的气体在工程屏障中的渗透问题。在 Grimsel现场,一个按比例缩小的工程屏障库由一个具有透气孔的混凝土仓和砂–膨润土缓冲材料组成,缓冲材料被放置在一个专门建造的洞室中。混凝土仓直径为 2.5 m,高为 2.5 m,放置在直径为 4 m 的从上到下开挖而成的竖井中。在工程屏障饱和及水渗透试验之后,气体分两个阶段被注入地窖中。气体第一次被注入之后,重复进行水渗透试验,以便观察工程屏障库的变化。第二次气体注入的时候,在工程屏障及岩石圈中采用一种可以多点取样的鸡尾酒气体跟踪器。在气体注入之后,小心挖掘出工程屏障库,然后用各种方法来进行鉴定,并采用实验室以及建模程序来进行现场的模拟研究。
Since 1976, the Japan Nuclear Waste Management Foundation and Research Center (RWMC) has been conducting research on nuclear waste disposal. Recently, RWMC is very concerned about the critical social and technological issues of nuclear waste repository monitoring, remote control and on-site survey techniques. Among them, the repository overflow gas is an important safety and reliability assessment project. The study, “Gas barrier penetration test” (GMT), was conducted at the Grimsel Field Laboratory in Nagra, Switzerland. GMT focuses on the problem of permeation of gases generated by nuclear waste into project barriers in a silo-shaped repository. In Grimsel site, a scaled-down library of engineered barrier holes having a cartridge and concrete sand - bentonite cushioning material, cushioning material is placed in a specially constructed caverns. Concrete bins have a diameter of 2.5 m and a height of 2.5 m and are placed in a 4 m diameter shaft drilled from top to bottom. After the project barrier saturation and water penetration test, the gas is injected into the cellar in two stages. After the gas was injected for the first time, the water penetration test was repeated to observe the changes in the engineering barrier library. At the second gas injection, a multi-spotted cocktail gas tracker was used in the engineering barrier and lithosphere. After the gas injection, carefully excavate the project barrier library, and then use a variety of methods to identify, and the use of laboratory and modeling procedures for on-site simulation studies.