目的:对铁路两高一露作业人员开展心电图、血压检验、健康教育活动的必要性进行调查。方法:选我中心择管区内2011年1月-2014年5月间500例铁路在职两高一露高危作业人员,根据调查者自身意愿将其分为两组,一组为空白对照组,一组为实验干预组,比较两组人人员对自身职业危险、自我保护知识的了解程度进行调查,并对患者身体状况进行调查。结果:干预组人员健康知识评价有效率为90.0%;对照组人员健康知识评价有效率为56.0%,两组比较存在明显差异,P<0.05。500例高危作业人员中有67例存在心电图异常表现,占比例的13.4%。有59例患者血压存在不同程度的升高表现,占比例的11.8%。结论:心电图、血压检查、健康教育干预能够提升铁路两高一露作业人员中自我保健意识,减少职业危险发生。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the necessity of carrying out electrocardiogram, blood pressure test and health education activities by two high and one exposed railway workers. Methods: From January 2011 to May 2014, 500 high-risk workers in high-risk operation of two high-altitude railways in our center were selected and divided into two groups according to their own wishes: one was blank control group, one was Group for the experimental intervention group, comparing two groups of people on their own occupational hazards, self-protection knowledge to understand the extent of the investigation, and to investigate the physical condition of patients. Results: The effective rate of health knowledge evaluation was 90.0% in the intervention group and 56.0% in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). There were 67 abnormal ECGs in 6700 high-risk workers , Accounting for 13.4% of the proportion. There are 59 patients with varying degrees of elevated blood pressure performance, accounting for 11.8% of the proportion. Conclusion: Electrocardiogram, blood pressure examination and health education intervention can raise the awareness of self-care among railway workers and reduce the occupational danger.