采用田间试验的方法研究了唐山地区水稻产量的土壤养分限制因子,分析了水稻产量构成因素对其产量的影响。田间试验结果显示,在唐山地区缺氮施肥处理对水稻产量影响较大,与全素处理相比,有效穗数为7个,减少9个,相对产量为40.2%,减产量达5700kghm-2,差异达到显著水平。这表明:氮主要通过减少水稻的有效穗数而影响水稻产量,是水稻产量的主要土壤养分限制因子。 Field experiments were conducted to study the limiting factors of soil nutrients for rice yield in Tangshan, and the effects of rice yield components on their yield were analyzed. Field experiments showed that nitrogen-deficient fertilization had a significant impact on rice yield in Tangshan. Compared with total-factor treatment, the number of effective panicles was 7, decreased by 9, the relative yield was 40.2% and the yield was 5700 kghm-2. The difference reached a significant level. This indicates that nitrogen mainly affects rice yield by reducing the effective spikes of rice, which is the main limiting factor of soil nutrients for rice yield.