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本文比较了以谷类食物(玉米、小麦、小米、高梁、大米和土豆)为基础的口服补液疗法(ORT)和以葡萄糖为基础的ORT在治疗急性婴儿腹泻中的疗效。266例年龄在1—5岁,急性腹泻史在48小时内,伴有中度至重度脱水,但无并发症的患儿分组采用以食物为基础的口服补液盐溶液(ORS)治疗和以标准ORS治疗,在第一个24小时疗程中,接受标准ORS治疗的一组,其大便排泄量明显高于其它治疗组,而接受以食物为基础的ORS治疗的组里大便的平均排泄量明显低于采用标准ORS治疗组。令人惊奇的是所有取得相同效果的治疗组中,紊乱的电解质浓度都得以调整。通过测大便的pH值,酸解前后的葡萄糖的含量和溶质度可估计出以食物为基础的ORS的消化能力;在标准ORS和以食物为基础的ORS组中这些没有明显不同。以食物为基础的ORT将更易被发展中国家采用,因为此种混合剂与婴儿的断奶食物的成份是相同的,它与标准ORT不同,在减少大便的排泄量方面,有着非常显著的效果。
This article compares the efficacy of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and glucose-based ORT in the treatment of acute infant diarrhea based on cereals (corn, wheat, millet, sorghum, rice and potatoes). 266 patients aged 1-5 years and a history of acute diarrhea within 48 hours with moderate to severe dehydration but without complications were grouped with food-based oral rehydration salt solution (ORS) and treated with standard In the first 24-hour course of ORS, the group receiving standard ORS had significantly higher fecal excretion compared to the other treatment groups, whereas the mean excretion of stool in the group receiving ORS-based ORS was significantly lower In the standard ORS treatment group. Surprisingly, in all treatment groups that achieved the same effect, the disordered electrolyte concentration was adjusted. The digestibility of food-based ORS was estimated by measuring the pH of the stool, the glucose content before and after acidification, and the degree of solute; these were not significantly different between the standard ORS and the food-based ORS. Food-based ORTs will be more readily available in developing countries because the composition of this blend is the same as that of a baby’s weaning food, and unlike standard ORTs, it has a very significant effect in reducing stool excretion.