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以CTAB作为模板剂,制备了比表面积大、孔径分布均匀的ZrO2,通过浸渍法制备了介孔ZrO2负载KNO3催化剂(KNO3/ZrO2)系列催化剂,将其用于催化红麻籽油制备生物柴油,通过TPD-CO2、XRD、氮吸附脱附等手段对催化剂的碱性、结构进行表征。结果表明,催化剂形成了孔径为10～20 nm的介孔结构且具有良好的热稳定性能,当KNO3负载量为40%时,催化剂的碱性最强。催化实验表明,KNO3含量为30%,具有最好的催化活性,甲醇与红麻籽油的摩尔比为12∶1,催化剂用量为油料的2.5%,反应时间2 h,最高转化率可达到90.4%。
Using CTAB as templating agent, ZrO2 with large specific surface area and uniform pore size distribution was prepared. The mesoporous ZrO2 supported KNO3 catalyst (KNO3 / ZrO2) catalyst was prepared by impregnation method, which was used to catalyze the preparation of biodiesel from kenaf oil, The basicity and structure of the catalyst were characterized by means of TPD-CO2, XRD, nitrogen adsorption and desorption. The results show that the catalyst has a mesoporous structure with 10-20 nm pore size and good thermal stability. When the KNO3 loading is 40%, the catalyst has the strongest basicity. The results of catalytic experiments showed that KNO3 content was 30% and the best catalytic activity was obtained. The molar ratio of methanol to kenaf oil was 12:1, the amount of catalyst was 2.5% of the oil, the reaction time was 2 h and the highest conversion rate was 90.4 %.