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为了通过分析地表裂缝的成因来研究采空区上覆火成岩非连续性破坏,根据现场数据和概率积分法确定了研究的岩土体范围,使用FLAC3D进行建模。布置6条监测线进行地表沉降监测,并与模拟得到的地表裂缝出现位置的变形数据进行对比,模拟得到了岩体塑性区的分布。结果表明,造成地表裂缝的主要原因是采空区上覆岩层中存在产状不均匀的火成岩,且位于松散层下方。采空区影响向上发展至火成岩底部造成火成岩边缘区域局部悬空。当采空区面积足够大时,火成岩上部拉应力超过其抗拉强度,进而发生断裂,松散层陷落导致地表裂缝。
In order to study the causes of discontinuity of overlying igneous rocks by analyzing the cause of surface cracks, the range of rock and soil studied was determined according to field data and probability integral method, and FLAC3D was used to model the discontinuity. Six monitoring lines were arranged to monitor the ground subsidence. Compared with the deformation data of the simulated ground surface cracks, the distribution of the plastic zone in the rock mass was simulated. The results show that the main cause of surface cracks is the occurrence of igneous rocks with uneven distribution in the overburden strata of the goaf, which are located below the loose layer. The influence of goaf extends up to the bottom of igneous rocks and causes partial vacancy in the marginal zone of igneous rocks. When the gob area is large enough, the tensile stress in the upper part of igneous rock exceeds its tensile strength, and then the fracture occurs, and the loose layer collapses and causes the surface cracks.