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分别将铈、镧、钇、铼、钾添加入钨粉中,经过等静压和2 300℃烧结,然后通过打断、拉拔或轧制等手段制成相应的样品,采用扫描电镜观察、能谱分析等实验手段,检测试样的微观组织结构,结合裂纹、固溶、应力进行分析,探讨了铈、镧、钇、铼、钾对钨材料的强化机制。结果表明,含铈、镧、钇的钨材料的细晶强化和颗粒强化是通过阻碍钨晶界微裂纹扩展实现的;铼含量较低时,钨铼合金的固溶对材料固溶强化作用不明显,而是修复钨晶界微裂纹;钾泡强化能起作用的原因是钾元素微量固溶于钨晶粒,使钾原子进入钨晶粒内部,降低了钾泡内部的蒸汽压力,同时修复钨晶界的微裂纹,压力加工时受挤压的钾泡在固溶的作用下朝球形转化,降低了材料内部应力集中。
The cerium, lanthanum, yttrium, rhenium and potassium were respectively added into the tungsten powder, and then isostatically pressed and sintered at 2300 DEG C, then the corresponding samples were prepared by means of breaking, drawing or rolling, The microstructure of the samples was examined by means of energy dispersive spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and other experimental methods. Combined with the analysis of cracks, solid solution and stress, the strengthening mechanism of cerium, lanthanum, yttrium, rhenium and potassium on tungsten materials was discussed. The results show that fine grain strengthening and grain strengthening of tungsten materials containing cerium, lanthanum and yttrium are achieved by hindering the growth of micro-cracks in the grain boundaries of tungsten. When the rhenium content is low, the solid solution treatment of the tungsten-rhenium alloy has no effect on the solid solution strengthening of the material Obviously, but to repair the microcracks in the grain boundaries of tungsten. The reason why potassium fortification can play a role is that trace elements of potassium dissolve into the tungsten grains to make the potassium atoms enter into the tungsten grains, reducing the vapor pressure inside the potassium bubbles and repairing The micro-cracks in the grain boundary of tungsten make the spherical K-bubble extruded under pressure to transform into sphere under the action of solid solution, which reduces the stress concentration inside the material.