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目的了解长春市城区居民吸烟及二手烟暴露相关情况,为制定控烟政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,抽取长春市2 233户家庭,从每户家庭中抽取1名成员进行家庭问卷,共访谈2 213人。结果长春市成人总体吸烟率为23.5%,男性吸烟率(43.2%)明显高于女性(3.8%),45~64岁年龄组人群吸烟率最高为26.9%,不同性别、年龄的成年人吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);现在每日吸烟者日均吸烟量为(14.9±8.3)支,男性(15.3±8.4)支高于女性(10.7±6.5)支,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);公共场所二手烟暴露率酒吧最高为78.9%,其次为餐馆72.7%;室内工作场所二手烟暴露率为48.9%,男性(47.6%)非吸烟者高于女性(38.1%)(P<0.05);家庭二手烟暴露率为45.8%,女性(40.8%)非吸烟者高于男性(22.8%),(P<0.05)。结论长春市总体吸烟率与二手烟暴露率低于全国平均水平;公共场所酒吧、餐馆,室内工作场所和家里是二手烟暴露的主要场所;男性吸烟者是控烟重点人群。
Objective To understand the relationship between smoking and exposure of second-hand smoking in urban areas of Changchun City, so as to provide the basis for formulating tobacco control policy. Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was used to sample 2 233 families in Changchun City and one family member from each household to conduct a family questionnaire for a total of 2113 people. Results The overall smoking prevalence of adults in Changchun was 23.5%, the smoking rate of male was significantly higher than that of female (43.2%), while the highest smoking rate was 26.9% among 45-64 years old group. The smoking rate among adults of different sexes and ages (14.9 ± 8.3), 15.3 ± 8.4 (15.7 ± 6.5), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05) (P <0.05). The exposure rate of secondhand smoke in public places was 78.9%, followed by 72.7% in restaurants. The exposure rate of secondhand smoke in indoor workplace was 48.9%, that of male (47.6%) was higher than that of female (38.1% ) (P <0.05). The exposure rate of household secondhand smoke was 45.8%, while that of female (40.8%) was higher than that of male (22.8%) (P <0.05). Conclusion The overall smoking rate and the exposure rate of second-hand smoke in Changchun are lower than the national average level. Public bars, restaurants, indoor workplaces and at home are the main sites for secondhand smoke exposure. Male smokers are the key tobacco control population.