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60年代初,许多国家发生风疹流行和先天性风疹感染。美国约发生1,250万例风疹病例,妊娠期感染约引起2万婴儿畸形及11,000胎儿死亡。1969年使用了风疹疫苗,才防止了先天性风疹感染和先天性风疹综合征(CRS)引起的损害。但是,对预防先天性风疹感染的最佳方案尚有争议。由于对某些疫苗特征(诸如疫苗病毒对胎儿可能的不良作用;疫苗病毒的传播性;成人大规模接种
In the early 1960s, rubella prevalence and congenital rubella infections occurred in many countries. Approximately 12.5 million cases of rubella occur in the United States, causing about 20,000 baby malformations and 11,000 fetal deaths during pregnancy. The rubella vaccine was used in 1969 to prevent congenital rubella infections and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) -related injuries. However, the best solution to prevent congenital rubella infection is still controversial. Due to certain vaccine characteristics (such as possible adverse effects of the vaccine virus on the fetus; the spread of the vaccine virus; large-scale adult vaccination