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本文报告自1980年9月至1982年3月对南京市城乡243825人进行了精神发育不全流行病学调查,共查出患者818例,患病率为3.36％,农村患病率明显高于城市。对407例进行了细胞遗传学研究,发现染色体异常者19例(4.7％)。先天性患者456例(55.75％),其主要病因有近亲婚配(10.96％),遗传家史(30.70％),高龄生育(6.3％),妊娠期各种有害因素(25％)。后天性患者275例(33.62％)的主要病因为产科损伤、营养不良和感染性疾病。难以区分为先天性或后天性者87例(10.64％)。禁止近亲婚配,做好遗传咨询、产前诊断及提高产科质量实属重要。
This paper reports from September 1980 to March 1982 conducted a survey of 241,825 people in urban and rural areas of Nanjing City, mental retardation epidemiological survey, a total of 818 patients were found, the prevalence was 3.36%, rural prevalence was significantly higher than the city . Of 407 cases of cytogenetic studies found that 19 cases of chromosomal abnormalities (4.7%). There were 456 cases (55.75%) of congenital patients. The main causes were marriage (10.96%), genetic history (30.70%), advanced fertility (6.3%) and various harmful factors during pregnancy (25%). The main causes of postnatal 275 cases (33.62%) were obstetric injury, malnutrition and infectious diseases. Difficult to distinguish between congenital or acquired in 87 cases (10.64%). Prohibition of marriage and in-laws, genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and improve the quality of obstetrics is important.