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目的了解小微企业个人防护用品(PPE)的使用情况。方法设计调查表格,随机选择辖区内8个工业区内的189家小微企业。从受调查小微企业中选择正式招聘的1 000名工人作为调查对象。工人调查内容包括基本情况、工作场所健康和安全、个体防护用品相关知识、个体防护用品使用相关态度行为;企业调查包括企业基本情况、企业个人防护用品管理情况。结果小微企业的PPE管理不容乐观,其制度设置率仅57.1%,尚有12.2%的企业通过非正规渠道采购,PPE培训与经费投入都不多。PPE的配备数据也不高,如防毒口罩的配备率仅43.9%。小微企业对工人的职业病危害告知有32.0%没落实到位,工人对PPE知识的掌握与认知态度行为,都不乐观。结论小微企业的职业病防治工作仍有待加强,必须加大其PPE方面的监督与培训力度。
Objectives To understand the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in small and micro enterprises. Methods Design survey forms and randomly select 189 small and micro enterprises in 8 industrial districts in the jurisdiction. A total of 1,000 officially recruited workers were selected from the surveyed small and micro enterprises. The contents of the survey include the basic conditions, workplace health and safety, personal protective equipment related knowledge, personal protective equipment use related attitudes and behavior; business survey includes the basic situation of enterprises, corporate personal protective equipment management. As a result, PPE management in small and micro-enterprises was not optimistic. The system setting rate was only 57.1%. There were still 12.2% of enterprises purchasing through informal channels. There was not much PPE training and funding. PPE equipped with data is not high, such as the masks equipped with only 43.9% rate. In the small and micro enterprises, 32.0% of workers’ occupational diseases were not informed of the place where they were put in place. Workers are not optimistic about the knowledge and attitude toward PPE. Conclusion The work on prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in small and micro enterprises still needs to be strengthened. Supervision and training in PPE must be strengthened.