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分形理论是研究一类无规则、非线性但具有自相似性的无序系统。这个无序系统的维数一般是分数。分数维的大小可以反映系统的复杂性，揭示系统的本质规律。本文利用功率谱分析法来揭示大地电磁资料的分形特征，并简单分析分数维在大地电磁中的地质意义。发现当地下电性分布均匀时，电、磁场分量的自功率谱都服从对数坐标轴上的线性分布；而遇到电性不均匀体时，功率谱的线性发生畸变。
Fractal theory is to study a class of irregular, non-linear but self-similar disorder system. The size of this disorganized system is generally fractional. The size of the fractal dimension can reflect the complexity of the system and reveal the essence of the system. In this paper, the power spectral analysis method is used to reveal the fractal characteristics of the magnetotelluric data in the earth and simply analyze the geological significance of the fractal dimension in the earth magnetism. It is found that the self-power spectra of the electric and magnetic field components obey the linear distribution on the logarithmic axis when the local distribution of electric potential is uniform, while the linearity of the power spectrum is distorted when the electric heterogeneity is encountered.