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目的明确青海省黄南州学校结核病疫情的传染源。方法采用PPD试验方法、胸部X线检查、痰涂片和痰培养检查等对19例患者做出诊断,并推测疫情流行情况;采用间隔区寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)方法对分离的5株菌株进行分析,确定传染源。结果对两校1 357名学生进行PPD检测,阳性率54.97%(746/1 357),强阳性率27.27%(370/1 357)。两校1 529名学生中,诊断结核病患者19例,结核患病率1.24%(19/1 529);分离结核菌株5株,Spoligotyping方法均确定为典型北京基因型,采用Bio Numerics软件进行聚类分析,5株结核菌均归为一簇。结论黄南州两所学校结核病的流行可以认为是同源暴发,病原体为典型北京基因型结核杆菌,传染源为甲学校一结核病男生。
Objective To clarify the source of infectious diseases of tuberculosis in Huangnan Prefecture of Qinghai Province. Methods Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed by PPD test, chest X-ray examination, sputum smear and sputum culture examination. The prevalence of the outbreak was estimated. Spoligotyping method was used to analyze the effect of isolated 5 Strain strains were analyzed to determine the source of infection. Results A total of 1 357 students from two schools were tested by PPD. The positive rate was 54.97% (746/1 357) and the strong positive rate was 27.27% (370/1 357). Of the 1 529 students in the two schools, 19 were diagnosed with tuberculosis and the prevalence of tuberculosis was 1.24% (19/1 529). Five isolates of tuberculosis were identified by Spoligotyping method as typical Beijing genotypes and clustered by Bio Numerics software Analysis, five strains of tuberculosis are grouped. Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis in two schools in Huangnan can be regarded as a homologous outbreak. The pathogen is typical Beijing genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the source of infection is a school-based boy with tuberculosis.