在当代西方马克思主义文学理论家伊格尔顿看来,文学并无本质可言,文学对主题的影响至关重要,马克思主义批评应更加注重文本解构在产生价值和意义的过程中与读者的相互作用,而不是文本结构本身。在传统方面,马克思主义存在对过去和现在的诠释存在矛盾,概念分析是马克思主义传统中的重要部分。在政治维度,马克思主义认为资本主义使政治更加强大,理论趋向制度化,文化唯物主义成为政治制度中的强大趋势。 In Eagleton, a contemporary western Marxist literary theorist, literature is not essential at all. The influence of literature on the subject matter is of crucial importance. Marxist criticism should pay more attention to the relationship between the textual deconstruction and the readers’ Interaction, not the textual structure itself. Traditionally, the existence of Marxism contradicts past and present interpretations. Conceptual analysis is an important part of Marxist tradition. In the political dimension, Marxism holds that capitalism has made politics more powerful, institutionalized its theoretical orientation, and cultural materialism has become a powerful trend in the political system.