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目的探讨新生儿先天性心脏病(简称先心病)的类型及其可能的危险因素。方法选择2004—2008年在本院出生的165例先心病患儿和同期出生的202例健康儿进行病例对照研究,了解先心病的类型,用单因素卡方检验和多元回归分析其可能的危险因素。结果病例组中室间隔缺损87例,占52.7%,房间隔缺损17例,占10.3%,各类复杂先心病共占29.7%,以完全性大血管转位最多见,其次为法洛四联症。孕早期感冒服药、糖尿病合并妊娠或妊娠期糖尿病、高龄产妇(>35岁)、曾接触杀虫剂或类似药、母亲孕前或孕早期饮酒史、主被动吸烟史、妊娠期高血压疾病、孕早期接触室内装修物及油漆、先兆流产并服药及病毒感染均是先心病发生的相关危险因素(P<0.05)。结论应加强孕期健康教育,提高产前产后诊断水平,以早期防治先心病。
Objective To investigate the types of neonatal congenital heart disease (CHD) and its possible risk factors. Methods 165 cases of congenital heart disease and 202 healthy children born in our hospital from 2004 to 2008 were selected for case control study. The types of congenital heart disease were analyzed. The possible risks were analyzed by one-way chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis factor. Results 87 cases of ventricular septal defect, accounting for 52.7%, atrial septal defect in 17 cases, accounting for 10.3%, all kinds of complex congenital heart disease accounted for 29.7%, the most complete major vascular transposition, followed by the tetralogy of Fallot disease. Early pregnancy flu medication, diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes mellitus, older mothers (> 35 years old), had exposure to pesticides or similar drugs, mother’s pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy alcohol consumption, the history of active and passive smoking, gestational hypertension, pregnancy Early exposure to interior decoration and paint, threatened abortion and medication and viral infection were associated risk factors for CHD (P <0.05). Conclusions Health education during pregnancy should be strengthened to improve the diagnosis of prenatal and postnatal period and to prevent and cure congenital heart disease in the early stage.