目的 :了解原发结外淋巴瘤的发病情况、发病部位、误诊情况及原因。方法 :回顾性分析 13 9例原发结外淋巴瘤的发病情况、原发部位分布情况、首发症状及误诊情况等。结果 :(1)北京大学第一医院 1976年 12月至2 0 0 2年 2月住院的淋巴瘤患者 4 5 8例 ,其中原发结外淋巴瘤患者 13 9例 (占 3 0 .3 % ) ;(2 )原发部位广泛 ,前 5位依次为胃肠道 2 0 .9% (2 9/ 13 9) ,鼻腔 18.7% (2 6/ 13 9) ,Waldeyer环 12 .9% (18/ 13 9) ,脾 10 .8% (15 / 13 9) ,皮肤 6.5 %(9/ 13 9) ;(3 )结外淋巴瘤的误诊率高达 80 .6% ,淋巴结内淋巴瘤误诊率为 2 8.5 % ;(4)结外淋巴瘤首发症状依不同部位有不同临床表现 ,但多无特异性。结论 :原发结外淋巴瘤并不少见 ,因其分布部位广泛 ,首发症状无特异性 ,误诊率极高 ,应引起临床各科关注 Objective: To understand the incidence of primary extranodal lymphoma, the incidence of parts, misdiagnosis and causes. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 13 cases of primary extranodal lymphoma incidence, distribution of the primary site, the first symptom and misdiagnosis. Results: (1) There were 458 cases of lymphoma hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital from December 1976 to February 2002, of which 13 9 cases (30.3%) had primary lymphoma, ); (2) The primary sites were extensive, with the top 5 followed by gastrointestinal tract 20.9% (29/139), nasal cavity 18.7% (26/139) and Waldeyer ring 12.9% (18) / 13 9), spleen 10.8% (15/139) and skin 6.5% (9/139). (3) The misdiagnosis rate of extranodal lymphoma was as high as 80.6%. The misdiagnosis rate of lymph node lymphoma was 2 8.5%; (4) Extranodal lymphoma according to different parts of the first symptoms have different clinical manifestations, but more non-specific. Conclusion: The primary extranodal lymphoma is not uncommon, because of its wide distribution of parts, no specific initial symptoms, high misdiagnosis rate should cause the attention of all clinical departments