一、国内外现状简介形状记忆效应合金的研究与应用开发已有20余年,应用前景广泛,只是由于该类合金(已知的有数十种)的组织基本上是有序相,以致于生产加工非常困难,仅有Nitinol与β铜锌铅合金可勉强成材。对于前者,国际上美、英、日、苏、瑞士、比利时等国有小量生产,而对后者的研究英、日等国亦已取得突破,并有应用实例。应用上,到81年为止申请的专利就有100种,以Nitinol为多,原因是其抗蚀性好。就范围讲,可逆型的适用于宇宙空间,真空构件,核反应堆,海底装置及其它系统中。例如宇宙飞船的自动张开天线,骨折 First, the status quo at home and abroad Introduction Shape memory effect of the alloy research and application development has been more than 20 years, the application of a wide range of prospects, but due to the alloy (known dozens of) the organization is basically ordered phase, resulting in production Processing is very difficult, only Nitinol and β copper zinc lead alloy can barely become a timber. For the former, the United States, Britain, Japan, the Soviet Union, Switzerland, Belgium and other countries in the world produce small quantities, while the latter studies have made breakthroughs in Britain, Japan and other countries, and have applied examples. Application, until 81 years to apply for a patent there are 100 species, Nitinol as much because of its good corrosion resistance. As far as the scope is concerned, the reversible type is suitable for use in space, vacuum components, nuclear reactors, subsea devices and other systems. For example, spacecraft automatic open antenna, fracture