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用15%石灰氮对巨峰葡萄(Kyoho grapevine)进行催芽后,于葡萄休眠解除过程中对芽内源激素含量、蛋白质含量以及淀粉酶活性的动态变化进行测定分析,以探讨石灰氮解除葡萄休眠的生理机制。结果显示:(1)用15%石灰氮催芽5 d后葡萄芽解除休眠而萌发,比对照提前5~8 d,处理21 d后休眠已经被打破;(2)处理后葡萄芽内ABA含量急剧下降了86.48%,而GA3、ZR和IAA分别升高了461.70%、107.24%和1 020.41%;(3)IAA的急剧升高,伴随着淀粉酶活性加强,加速淀粉降解为可溶性糖;而蛋白质含量则先下降后升高。可见,石灰氮催芽后,葡萄芽内的生长抑制类激素ABA含量降低的同时生长促进类激素IAA、ZR和GA3含量急剧增加,内源激素平衡被打破,加强了葡萄芽内有机物质的代谢,为葡萄芽的萌发提供了物质基础。因此,石灰氮处理促进葡萄休眠芽萌发的主要原因可能是调节了葡萄芽内各种激素平衡关系,从而加速了葡萄芽内有机物质的代谢而最终解除芽体休眠。
After the Kyoho grapevine was germinated with 15% lime nitrogen, the dynamic changes of endogenous hormones, protein content and amylase activity in the buds during the dormancy of the grape were measured to investigate the effects of lime nitrogen on grape dormancy Physiological mechanism. The results showed that: (1) After germinating with 15% lime nitrogen for 5 days, the grape buds were dormant and germinated, which was 5 to 8 days earlier than that of the control. The dormancy had been broken after 21 days of treatment. (2) Decreased by 86.48%, while GA3, ZR and IAA increased by 461.70%, 107.24% and 1 020.41% respectively; (3) The sharp increase of IAA accompanied with the increase of amylase activity accelerated the degradation of starch to soluble sugar; The content decreased first and then increased. It can be seen that the contents of IAA, ZR and GA3, the growth-promoting hormones, were significantly increased while the growth-inhibitory hormone ABA was decreased while the endogenous hormone balance was abolished, which enhanced the metabolism of organic substances in grape buds, Germination of grape buds provide the material basis. Therefore, the main reason for lime nitrogen treatment to promote dormancy bud dormancy may be the regulation of the balance of various hormones in grape buds, which accelerates the metabolism of organic matter in grape buds and finally releases the bud dormancy.