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定语从句试题的设计常常是利用关系代词与关系副词之间、介词与关系代词之间、限制性与非限制性之间及定语从句与其它从句之间等易混点，灵活巧妙地设计出的。但只要我们从以下几方面着手，就能掌握其基本规律，达到融会贯通的目的。
Ⅰ. 限制性定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的选择
1. 表地点的先行词，由关系代词代之作从句的主语。
考例:
In an hour, we can travel to places _______would have taken our ancestors days to reach.
(2006上海)
A. where B. when C. which D. what
答案与解析: C。关系代词which代表places作定语从句的主语，而关系副词where则不能作定语从句的主语。
2. 关系副词代替了介词与先行词作定语从句的状语。
考例:
1. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _______beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (2007陕西)
A. which B. as C. why D. where
答案与解析: D。where 代表in a number of cases。句意为：今天我们要讨论英语初学者不能恰当使用语言的多种情形。
2. We’re just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山东)
A. where B. that C. when D. which
答案与解析: A。定语从句缺少的是状语，用where代表about the point。
3. 先行词和定语从句被分隔。
考例:
The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (2001NMET)
A. until B. that C. when D. where
答案与解析: C。题中the hours是先行词。when代表during the hours在从句中作状语。
4. 插入语对关系副词引导定语从句的干扰。
考例:
―Is that the small town you often refer to?
―Right, just the one________ you know I used to work for years. (2005福建)
A. that B. which C. where D. what
答案与解析: C。句中you know是插入语，where代表in the small town作定语从句的状语。
5. 关系代词作宾语时的省略。
考例:
1. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes, there’s one point________we must insist on. (2006江西)
A. why B. where C. how D. /
答案与解析: D。定语从句缺少的是insist on的宾语，限制性定语从句中的宾语可以省略。
2. —Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else ________, is there?(2005北京)
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
答案与解析: B。定语从句中省略了关系代词whom。如果用带逻辑主语的动词不定式作定语，则为for her to turn to。
Ⅱ. 非限制性定语从句中逗号后关系代词与关系副词的选择
1. 关系代词which作“非限制性定语从句”主语及宾语时不用that代替。
考例：
1. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,________can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(2007湖南)
A. who B. which C. what D. that
2. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ________ of course, made the others envy him. (2004天津)
A. who B. that C. what D. which
答案与解析:
1. B。what 不能引导定语从句，此题中用which代表主句意思。全句为：一个人为他人服务就会着重于他人而不是看重于自己，这很有启发性，受益非浅。
2. D。“of course”是插入语。which 代表主句的整个意思，并且为非限制性定语从句中的主语。
2. 关系副词where及when引导非限制定语从句时其代表性。
考例:
1. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ________they learn simple games and songs. (2007全国Ⅰ)
A. then B. there C. while D. where
2. I walked in our garden, ________Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽宁)
A. which B. when C. where D. that
答案与解析：
1. D。关系副词 where代表in a day care center，引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。
2. 答案C。关系副词 where代表in our garden，引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。而when则代表时间。
Ⅲ. which与as 引导非限制性定语从句的意义辨析
考例:
1. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏)
A. who B. that C. as D. which
2. The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006天津)
A. what B. that C. how D. as
答案与解析：
1. D。as和which当关系代词，引出非限制性的定语从句时的一个差别是as只能代替整个主句的意思，而which不但可代替整个主句，也可代替主句的一部分的意思。这一题只代替“to make ... running”，所以只能选which。
2. D。as引导定语从句代替整个主句的意思，可译为“这一点”，其他各项均不能引出非限制性的定语从句。
Ⅳ. 定语从句与主句的时态呼应
1. 从句动作发生在主句之前而完成。
考例:
1. My friend, who ________ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. (2006浙江)
A. served B. is serving
C. had served D. has served
答案与解析： D。根据主句 “我的朋友下个月要退休。”可知，从句中“我的朋友”一辈子都为国际奥林匹克委员会工作。此动作从过去到现在应该用现在完成式。
2. 表示事实及真理的定语从句不受主句影响。
考例:
Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ________the Pacific, and met no storms. (2005辽宁)
A. was called B. is called
C. had been called D. has been called
答案与解析： B。this open sea被叫做the Pacific是客观事实，用一般现在时。
Ⅴ. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中介词的抉择
1. 介词根据定语从句所需来选择。
考例:
1. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs________they are being trained. (2005江西)
A. in that B. for that
C. in which D. for which
2. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ________ Chinese in the school, mostwere from Germany. (2006辽宁)
A. study; of whom
B. study; of them
C. studying; of them
D. studying; of whom
答案与解析：
1. D。题中they指代children，从句意思：“为那了工作，孩子们正在接受训练。”所以选用介词for并用which代替the jobs。
2. D。studying Chinese in the school是分词短语作定语，修饰students。逗号前是具有完整意思的句子，其后无and 连接，这表明逗号后是非限制性定语从句。所以排除C项。
2. 介词+关系代词修饰定语从句主语时其位置可在主语之前或后。
考例:
1. I have many friends, ________some are businessmen. (2005MENT Ⅰ、Ⅱ)
A. of them B. from which
C. who of D. of whom
2. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ________five are mine. (2004NMET卷Ⅳ)
A. on whichB. in which
C. of which D. from which
答案与解析：
1. D。观察此题，无并列连词，所以需用介词+关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。根据句子意思“我有许多朋友，其中一些是商人。”得知：“朋友当中的一些some of friends”中含介词“of”，用whom代替friends后为of whom。 定语从句的主语放在了of whom后。（注：of whom some = some of whom。）
2. C。根据句子翻译意思“书架上总共11本书，其中5本是我的。”可知：要么此题是并列句，要么是主从复合句。因为非限制性定语从句与主句翻译为汉语时，可以翻译为并列句。而并列句明显标志是分句之间逗号后的and，所以此句子中含有非限制性定语从句。（注：of which five = five of which。）
3. 关系代词which代表的意义影响介词的选择。
考例：
She was educated at Beijing University, ________she went on to have her advanced study abroad. （2006陕西）
A. after that B. from that
C. from which D. after which
答案与解析： D。此题对介词的选择既要根据从句所需，又要根据which所表示的意思。Which代表主句整个意思“她在北京大学接受教育。”这样“...after which she went on to have her advanced study abroad.”可翻译为：“毕业后，她继续出国深造。”如果which代表Beijing University，那么题意则不通。
4． 定语从句的时态影响介词的选择。
考例:
1. The book was written in 1946, ________the education system has witnessed great changes. (2007山东)
A. when B. during which
C. since then D. since when
答案与解析： D。由于非限制性定语从句中用了现在完成式，而主句用的是一般过去式，所以when及during which引导从句时态不符。此题逗号后无并列连词，since then则不能用。since when （从那时）是一种连用形式，when在此结构中为代词（代替了1946）。
Ⅵ. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别
考例:
1. There’s a feeling in me ________ we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever.(2002上海)
A. that B. which
C. of which D. what
2. Danby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.(2005浙江)
A. who B. that C. as D. which
答案与解析：
1. A。题中的从句we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever（我们永远不会知道飞碟是什么。）意思完整，不缺少宾语。这说明修饰a feeling的只能是that（不作任何成分）引导的同位语从句。
2. B。根据题意看word是从句所要修饰的词，并且word不作从句的宾语，所以用that引导同位语从句。句意为：Danby给我的秘书留下话，下午再打电话。如果把secretary看作先行词，用who引导定语从句，则句意不通。
Ⅶ. 定语从句与状语从句的区别
1. 定语从句中关系副词代表主句的时间或地点状语，修饰从句的谓语动词。
考例:
I walked in our garden, ________ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽宁)
A. which B. when C. where D. that
答案与解析： C。关系副词where代表主句的in the garden引导定语从句，并作从句的状语，修饰从句的谓语动词。
2. when引出句子有时不是状语从句而是并列句，when相当于and then。
考例:
1. He was about to tell me the secret ________someone patted him on the shoulder.
(2002上海)
A. as B. until C. while D. when
答案与解析： D。在此处相当于and then, and just at that time，全句意思为“他正要把秘密告诉我，那时却有人拍一拍他的肩膀”。
Ⅷ. 非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别
1． 并列句间逗号后有连接词and,而非限制性定语从句却没有。
考例:
1. Eric received training in computer for one year, ________he found a job in a big company. (2007辽宁)
A. after that B. after which
C. after it D. after this
答案与解析： B。after which引导的是非限制性定语从句。
Ⅰ. 限制性定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的选择
1. 表地点的先行词，由关系代词代之作从句的主语。
考例:
In an hour, we can travel to places _______would have taken our ancestors days to reach.
(2006上海)
A. where B. when C. which D. what
答案与解析: C。关系代词which代表places作定语从句的主语，而关系副词where则不能作定语从句的主语。
2. 关系副词代替了介词与先行词作定语从句的状语。
考例:
1. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _______beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (2007陕西)
A. which B. as C. why D. where
答案与解析: D。where 代表in a number of cases。句意为：今天我们要讨论英语初学者不能恰当使用语言的多种情形。
2. We’re just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山东)
A. where B. that C. when D. which
答案与解析: A。定语从句缺少的是状语，用where代表about the point。
3. 先行词和定语从句被分隔。
考例:
The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (2001NMET)
A. until B. that C. when D. where
答案与解析: C。题中the hours是先行词。when代表during the hours在从句中作状语。
4. 插入语对关系副词引导定语从句的干扰。
考例:
―Is that the small town you often refer to?
―Right, just the one________ you know I used to work for years. (2005福建)
A. that B. which C. where D. what
答案与解析: C。句中you know是插入语，where代表in the small town作定语从句的状语。
5. 关系代词作宾语时的省略。
考例:
1. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes, there’s one point________we must insist on. (2006江西)
A. why B. where C. how D. /
答案与解析: D。定语从句缺少的是insist on的宾语，限制性定语从句中的宾语可以省略。
2. —Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else ________, is there?(2005北京)
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
答案与解析: B。定语从句中省略了关系代词whom。如果用带逻辑主语的动词不定式作定语，则为for her to turn to。
Ⅱ. 非限制性定语从句中逗号后关系代词与关系副词的选择
1. 关系代词which作“非限制性定语从句”主语及宾语时不用that代替。
考例：
1. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,________can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(2007湖南)
A. who B. which C. what D. that
2. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ________ of course, made the others envy him. (2004天津)
A. who B. that C. what D. which
答案与解析:
1. B。what 不能引导定语从句，此题中用which代表主句意思。全句为：一个人为他人服务就会着重于他人而不是看重于自己，这很有启发性，受益非浅。
2. D。“of course”是插入语。which 代表主句的整个意思，并且为非限制性定语从句中的主语。
2. 关系副词where及when引导非限制定语从句时其代表性。
考例:
1. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ________they learn simple games and songs. (2007全国Ⅰ)
A. then B. there C. while D. where
2. I walked in our garden, ________Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽宁)
A. which B. when C. where D. that
答案与解析：
1. D。关系副词 where代表in a day care center，引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。
2. 答案C。关系副词 where代表in our garden，引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。而when则代表时间。
Ⅲ. which与as 引导非限制性定语从句的意义辨析
考例:
1. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏)
A. who B. that C. as D. which
2. The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006天津)
A. what B. that C. how D. as
答案与解析：
1. D。as和which当关系代词，引出非限制性的定语从句时的一个差别是as只能代替整个主句的意思，而which不但可代替整个主句，也可代替主句的一部分的意思。这一题只代替“to make ... running”，所以只能选which。
2. D。as引导定语从句代替整个主句的意思，可译为“这一点”，其他各项均不能引出非限制性的定语从句。
Ⅳ. 定语从句与主句的时态呼应
1. 从句动作发生在主句之前而完成。
考例:
1. My friend, who ________ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. (2006浙江)
A. served B. is serving
C. had served D. has served
答案与解析： D。根据主句 “我的朋友下个月要退休。”可知，从句中“我的朋友”一辈子都为国际奥林匹克委员会工作。此动作从过去到现在应该用现在完成式。
2. 表示事实及真理的定语从句不受主句影响。
考例:
Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ________the Pacific, and met no storms. (2005辽宁)
A. was called B. is called
C. had been called D. has been called
答案与解析： B。this open sea被叫做the Pacific是客观事实，用一般现在时。
Ⅴ. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中介词的抉择
1. 介词根据定语从句所需来选择。
考例:
1. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs________they are being trained. (2005江西)
A. in that B. for that
C. in which D. for which
2. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ________ Chinese in the school, mostwere from Germany. (2006辽宁)
A. study; of whom
B. study; of them
C. studying; of them
D. studying; of whom
答案与解析：
1. D。题中they指代children，从句意思：“为那了工作，孩子们正在接受训练。”所以选用介词for并用which代替the jobs。
2. D。studying Chinese in the school是分词短语作定语，修饰students。逗号前是具有完整意思的句子，其后无and 连接，这表明逗号后是非限制性定语从句。所以排除C项。
2. 介词+关系代词修饰定语从句主语时其位置可在主语之前或后。
考例:
1. I have many friends, ________some are businessmen. (2005MENT Ⅰ、Ⅱ)
A. of them B. from which
C. who of D. of whom
2. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ________five are mine. (2004NMET卷Ⅳ)
A. on whichB. in which
C. of which D. from which
答案与解析：
1. D。观察此题，无并列连词，所以需用介词+关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。根据句子意思“我有许多朋友，其中一些是商人。”得知：“朋友当中的一些some of friends”中含介词“of”，用whom代替friends后为of whom。 定语从句的主语放在了of whom后。（注：of whom some = some of whom。）
2. C。根据句子翻译意思“书架上总共11本书，其中5本是我的。”可知：要么此题是并列句，要么是主从复合句。因为非限制性定语从句与主句翻译为汉语时，可以翻译为并列句。而并列句明显标志是分句之间逗号后的and，所以此句子中含有非限制性定语从句。（注：of which five = five of which。）
3. 关系代词which代表的意义影响介词的选择。
考例：
She was educated at Beijing University, ________she went on to have her advanced study abroad. （2006陕西）
A. after that B. from that
C. from which D. after which
答案与解析： D。此题对介词的选择既要根据从句所需，又要根据which所表示的意思。Which代表主句整个意思“她在北京大学接受教育。”这样“...after which she went on to have her advanced study abroad.”可翻译为：“毕业后，她继续出国深造。”如果which代表Beijing University，那么题意则不通。
4． 定语从句的时态影响介词的选择。
考例:
1. The book was written in 1946, ________the education system has witnessed great changes. (2007山东)
A. when B. during which
C. since then D. since when
答案与解析： D。由于非限制性定语从句中用了现在完成式，而主句用的是一般过去式，所以when及during which引导从句时态不符。此题逗号后无并列连词，since then则不能用。since when （从那时）是一种连用形式，when在此结构中为代词（代替了1946）。
Ⅵ. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别
考例:
1. There’s a feeling in me ________ we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever.(2002上海)
A. that B. which
C. of which D. what
2. Danby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.(2005浙江)
A. who B. that C. as D. which
答案与解析：
1. A。题中的从句we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever（我们永远不会知道飞碟是什么。）意思完整，不缺少宾语。这说明修饰a feeling的只能是that（不作任何成分）引导的同位语从句。
2. B。根据题意看word是从句所要修饰的词，并且word不作从句的宾语，所以用that引导同位语从句。句意为：Danby给我的秘书留下话，下午再打电话。如果把secretary看作先行词，用who引导定语从句，则句意不通。
Ⅶ. 定语从句与状语从句的区别
1. 定语从句中关系副词代表主句的时间或地点状语，修饰从句的谓语动词。
考例:
I walked in our garden, ________ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽宁)
A. which B. when C. where D. that
答案与解析： C。关系副词where代表主句的in the garden引导定语从句，并作从句的状语，修饰从句的谓语动词。
2. when引出句子有时不是状语从句而是并列句，when相当于and then。
考例:
1. He was about to tell me the secret ________someone patted him on the shoulder.
(2002上海)
A. as B. until C. while D. when
答案与解析： D。在此处相当于and then, and just at that time，全句意思为“他正要把秘密告诉我，那时却有人拍一拍他的肩膀”。
Ⅷ. 非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别
1． 并列句间逗号后有连接词and,而非限制性定语从句却没有。
考例:
1. Eric received training in computer for one year, ________he found a job in a big company. (2007辽宁)
A. after that B. after which
C. after it D. after this
答案与解析： B。after which引导的是非限制性定语从句。