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目的研究影响北京社区血脂异常患者患病知晓率的因素。方法2007年6月至8月北京大学人民医院对北京大兴、朝阳、海淀及西城4个城区、51个居委会10054名居民中筛选出的3373例血脂异常患者资料进行分析。通过问卷了解患者社会经济学情况及血脂异常患病知晓情况;根据体格检查及晨起空腹血浆化验结果,评价人群高血压、肥胖及糖尿病等心血管病危险因素患病情况。结果(1)随年龄增长,血脂异常患者患病知晓率逐渐升高(P<0.01)。(2)学历、婚姻状况、医保类型及家庭人均收入等社会经济学因素对患者知晓率存在影响。自费患者与享受农村合作医疗、城镇职工医保以及公费医疗患者,血脂异常知晓率分别为15.4%、14.4%、46.4%及54.4%。享受农村合作医疗的患者,其血脂异常知晓率并不高于自费患者人群(P=0.608)。(3)合并存在其他心血管病危险因素的亚组人群中,超重或肥胖的患者其知晓率并不高于正常体重血脂异常人群(29.3%、31.6%对27.6%,P=0.167);吸烟者的患病知晓率仅为19.2%,低于不吸烟或已戒烟患者群体(19.2%对34.4%、32.3%,P<0.01)。结论中青年及合并心血管病危险因素的血脂异常患者其知晓率仍不理想,应加大对上述人群的降脂干预力度。
Objective To study the factors influencing the prevalence of illness in patients with dyslipidemia in Beijing community. Methods From June to August, 2007, Peking University People’s Hospital analyzed the data of 3373 cases of dyslipidemia patients selected from 10054 residents of 51 neighborhood committees in Daxing, Chaoyang, Haidian and Xicheng in Beijing. Through the questionnaire to understand the socio-economic situation of patients and the prevalence of dyslipidemia; according to physical examination and morning fasting plasma test results, to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, obesity and diabetes. Results (1) With age, the prevalence of disease in patients with dyslipidemia gradually increased (P <0.01). (2) Socioeconomic factors, such as educational background, marital status, health insurance type and per capita income of the family, have an impact on the patient’s awareness rate. Patients with self-pay and enjoy the rural cooperative medical care, urban workers and public health insurance medical insurance, dyslipidemia awareness rates were 15.4%, 14.4%, 46.4% and 54.4%. Patients who enjoy rural cooperative medical care, the level of awareness of dyslipidemia is not higher than the self-pay patient population (P = 0.608). (3) Among the subgroups with risk factors for other cardiovascular diseases, the awareness rate of overweight or obese patients was not higher than that of normal body weight dyslipidemia (29.3%, 31.6% vs. 27.6%, P = 0.167); smoking The prevalence rate was only 19.2% in those who were nonsmokers or those who had quit smoking (19.2% vs 34.4%, 32.3%, P <0.01). Conclusions The awareness rate of middle-aged and young patients with dyslipidemia who have risk factors of cardiovascular disease is still not satisfactory, so the efforts of lipid-lowering intervention should be strengthened.