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老年人的生理功能随年龄增长,将逐渐衰退,其中肝、肾功能的减退必然会使药物的半衰期延长;体液总量占体重的百分比减少,必然会使药物的分布容积减少。Kohn 氏证明老年人的生理功能随年龄增长逐渐衰退,例如心脏传导速度、基础代谢率、心脏指数、肾小球泸过率、肺活量最大呼吸量等都有所减退。
The physiological functions of the elderly with age, will gradually decline, of which liver and kidney function will inevitably lead to the half-life of the drug to extend; the percentage of body fluid to body weight to reduce the total volume of the drug will inevitably reduce. Kohn’s showed that the physiological function of the elderly gradually declined with age, such as heart conduction velocity, basal metabolic rate, cardiac index, glomerular filtration rate, maximal respiratory capacity of vital capacity and so on.