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据推测发生先天异常主要原因中遗传为主占10%,环境为主占10%,遗传和环境因素相互作用引起的占80%。先天异常又分为生物因素(遗传、母体年龄、孕产次、细菌感染、糖尿病、妊娠晚期中毒症等)、化学因素(营养不足、化学中毒、药物等)及物理因素(缺氧、放射线照射、机械性作用)三种。因此对某些先天异常虽然预防,但不能全部消除,何况先天性异常的预防措施也有限度,不可能百分之百的实现。一、妊娠前的措施 (一)教育、启蒙,两种方法:学校对青春期妇女进行母子保健的启蒙、教育。医疗机关对母子集体的保健管理。
It is speculated that the main causes of congenital anomalies accounted for 10% of genetic predominance, the environment accounted for 10%, genetic and environmental factors caused by the interaction of 80%. Congenital anomalies are divided into biological factors (genetic, maternal age, pregnancy, bacterial infections, diabetes, late pregnancy poisoning, etc.), chemical factors (malnutrition, chemical poisoning, drugs, etc.) and physical factors (hypoxia, radiation exposure , Mechanical action) three. Therefore, although some of the innate abnormalities prevention, but not all eliminated, not to mention the prevention of congenital anomalies have limited, can not be achieved 100%. First, pre-pregnancy measures (A) education, enlightenment, two methods: the school for adolescent women’s maternal and child health education, enlightenment. Medical institutions for the mother and child care management.