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明清时期的台湾社会主要是以闽粤移民传入的中国文化艺术为主,用于祭祀习俗的祖先肖像雕塑,也成为台湾重要的传统民间艺术之一。本文首先探讨传统中国肖像雕塑的起源与发展概况,以及早期台湾民间艺术所承袭的雕塑风格与特色,然后讨论西方艺术文化传入台湾后,对台湾肖像雕塑发展的影响,观察西式肖像雕塑如何在1920年后的台湾社会形成一股风潮,并受到收藏家与赞助人的支持。最后我们分析转型采用西方写实形式的现代中国肖像雕塑,对中国图像文化思考具有的时代意义。
The Taiwanese society in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was dominated by the Chinese culture and arts introduced by immigrants from Fujian and Guangdong and the ancestral portrait sculptures used in the sacrificial custom. It also became one of Taiwan’s important traditional folk arts. This article first discusses the origin and development of the traditional Chinese portrait sculpture and the style and characteristics of the sculptures inherited by early Taiwan folk art. Then it discusses the influence of Western art and culture upon the development of portrait sculpture in Taiwan and the Western portrait sculpture After 1920, Taiwanese society formed a wave of agitation and was supported by collectors and patrons. Finally, we analyze the contemporary Chinese portraits and sculptures transformed by Western realistic forms, which have the contemporary significance to Chinese image and cultural thoughts.