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对分布于甘肃省东部的黑壤土、灰褐土、黄绵土、新积土4个土类的7个土属进行电磁波谱测试。在0.4～1.1μm波段内,以土种为单位共测试21条裸土光谱曲线。从形态上可区分为缓斜型和陡坎型。在0.4～0.65μm波段内,各土壤光谱反射率值多相互交错分布,但在0.65～1.1μm波段内,陡坎型类土壤的光谱反射率值多高于缓斜型。土壤表层质地差异大时,将影响电磁波辐射能量的变化,当土壤表层水分含量小于饱和含水量时,在0.55～0.95μm波段内,土壤水分含量越高,其光谱反射率值越低。经各波段与反射率之间的相关分析说明,缓斜型土壤光谱曲线以一元一次回归曲线拟合程度高,而陡坎型土壤则以一元二次回归曲线拟合更为理想。该结果为在遥感图像中提取土壤线信息,提供了可参考的数据。
Seven soil samples from four soils of black loam, gray cinnamon, loess and fresh soils distributed in the eastern part of Gansu Province were measured by electromagnetic spectroscopy. In the 0.4 ~ 1.1μm band, a total of 21 bare soil spectral curves were tested with soil species. From the morphological can be divided into ramp type and steep ridge type. In the range of 0.4 ~ 0.65μm, the spectral reflectance values of soil were mostly interdependently distributed. However, in the range of 0.65 ~ 1.1μm, the spectral reflectance of steep ridge type soil was much higher than that of gentle slope. When the difference of soil surface texture is large, the change of electromagnetic radiation energy will be affected. When the surface soil moisture content is less than the saturated water content, the higher the soil water content, the lower the spectral reflectance value in the range of 0.55 ~ 0.95μm. The correlation analysis between each band and reflectance shows that the curve of slope slope soil is highly fitted by a one-time regression curve, while the slope ridge soil curve is fitted by one-quadratic regression curve more ideal. The results provide reference data for extracting soil line information from remote sensing images.