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目的寻找制作一种理想的适合于外科研究的大型动物肝硬化门静脉高压症模型。方法犬20只,用60%CCl4菜籽油乳剂于犬背部皮下注射,1.0~1.3 mL/kg,每10天注射1次,共6~8次。配合饮食控制,所有犬以10%的猪油米饭喂养,注射CCl4菜籽油乳剂后4 d内控制米饭量每日15 g/kg,第5~10天不控制饮食量。造模中观察犬的一般状态,检测肝功能指标血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT),血清总蛋白(TP),清蛋白(ALB),球蛋白(G),A/G的变化;彩色多普勒监测肝脏形态、门静脉直径及血流变化。每2周手术切取小块肝组织活检,光镜下观察肝脏病理变化。结果造模中犬体重持续性下降。ALT早中期上升,后期有所下降,TP及ALB持续性下降,G变化不明显,A/G持续性下降。彩色多普勒检查示,注药8周后肝脏进行性缩小,质地不均匀,颗粒逐渐变粗,肝包膜不平滑;门静脉直径逐渐变粗,门静脉血流逐渐变缓。光镜检查10~12周犬肝脏假小叶形成。犬死亡3只,死亡率15.0%。结论皮下注射四氯化碳10~12周形成的犬肝硬化门静脉高压症模型,方法简便,成功率高,适用于外科研究。
Objective To find an ideal cirrhotic portal hypertension model suitable for surgical research. Methods Twenty dogs were infused with 60% CCl4 rapeseed oil emulsion into the back of the dog subcutaneously at a dose of 1.0-1.3 mL / kg every 10 days for 6-8 times. With diet control, all dogs were fed with 10% lard rice, and the amount of rice controlled for 15 days per day within 4 days after injection of the CCl4 rapeseed oil emulsion did not control the amount of food on the 5th to 10th days. The general state of dogs was observed and the change of ALT, ALB, G, A / G of liver function indexes were detected. The changes of color Doppler Monitor liver morphology, portal vein diameter and blood flow changes. Small biopsy of liver tissue was performed every 2 weeks, and liver pathological changes were observed under light microscope. Results in the model of dog weight loss continued. The ALT increased in the early and middle stages, decreased in the late stage, the persistence of TP and ALB decreased, the change of G was not obvious, and the A / G persisted. Color Doppler examination showed that the liver was progressively reduced after 8 weeks of injection, the texture was not uniform, and the particles gradually became thicker and the hepatic capsule was not smooth. The diameter of the portal vein gradually became thick and the portal vein blood flow became gradually slow. Light microscopy 10 to 12 weeks canine pseudolobule formation in dogs. Three dogs died, the mortality rate was 15.0%. Conclusion The model of canine cirrhosis with portal hypertension formed by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride for 10 ~ 12 weeks has the advantages of simple method and high success rate, which is suitable for surgical research.