目的移植大鼠原代骨髓间充质干细胞治疗创伤性脑损伤模型,探索该方法的疗效及临床可行性。方法体外培养大鼠原代骨髓间充质干细胞,造模成功7d后将其移植入受损脑组织边缘,移植后养育14d,神经功能评分后处死模型取脑组织,记录实验组及对照组(未移植干细胞)的神经功能评分、组织形态学、Ⅷ因子表达血管计数。结果实验组脑组织受损坏死区域较对照组小,受损周边脑水肿较轻;数据显示实验组神经功能恢复优于对照组,血管计数多于对照组。神经功能评分及Ⅷ因子表达血管计数提示实验组与对照组有统计学差异,实验组有明显疗效(P<0.05)。结论移植原代骨髓间充质干细胞治疗创伤性脑损伤能够帮助神经功能恢复,并促进血管生长。推测骨髓间充质干细胞通过促进血管新生帮助脑组织修复。实验验证最短培养周期的原代干细胞早期移植即可应用于治疗急性创伤性脑损伤。 Objective To transplan the rat primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic brain injury model and explore the curative effect and clinical feasibility of the method. Methods Primary rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro. The rats were transplanted into the marginal areas of damaged brain tissue 7 days after successful modeling. The rats were raised 14 days after transplantation. The neurological function score was used to sacrifice the brain tissue. The experimental group and control group Neural stem cells, non-transplanted stem cells), histomorphology, and factor Ⅷ expression. Results The damaged and necrotic area of ​​brain tissue in the experimental group was smaller than that in the control group, and the peripheral brain edema in the lesion was lighter. The data showed that the neurological function recovery of the experimental group was better than that of the control group, and the blood vessel count was more than that of the control group. Nerve function score and Ⅷ factor expression of blood vessels suggest that the experimental group and the control group have statistical significance, the experimental group has a significant effect (P <0.05). Conclusion Transplantation of primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for traumatic brain injury can help restore neurological function and promote blood vessel growth. Speculated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote brain tissue repair by promoting angiogenesis. Experimental verification of the shortest incubation period of primary stem cell transplantation can be used to treat acute traumatic brain injury.