为了满足偏振光天文导航定位对高精度太阳空间位置信息的需求,提出一种基于瑞利大气偏振模式的太阳自主定位方法。实验结果表明,该定位方法能够获取太阳相对可靠的地理位置信息,且经、纬度误差均值分别为0.251°和0.171°。虽然该方法的定位精度有待于进一步提高,但其作为其他定位方式的补充有着重要应用价值。 In order to meet the demand of high-precision space position information of polarized solar celestial navigation, a solar self-localization method based on Rayleigh atmospheric polarization mode is proposed. Experimental results show that this method can obtain relatively reliable solar location information, and mean latitude and longitude errors are 0.251 ° and 0.171 °, respectively. Although the positioning accuracy of the method needs to be further improved, it has important application value as a complement to other positioning methods.