美国建筑业计算机的应用范围开始局限于建筑的结构分析、能量分析、编制合同文件,做成本估算等。80年代以来,由于计算机容量的大大提高,价格的显著下降,为计算机在建筑业的扩大应用提供了契机。趋势是将计算机用于所有各类工程和工程全过程,行使从初步设计、施工、设计变更、改建、扩建到维护管理全部职能。计算机系统的应用,也将促进建筑设备的自动化、施工设备的自动化,形成一体化的工程信息系统,这将能为建筑生产过程的各个参与者提供及时、准确、经济的信息。瑞典的计算机已在规划设计、施工管理、材料生产、建筑使用与房地产管理中应用。计算机技术的发展和计算机辅助计算方法的发展,已解决了过去认为很难处理的建筑力学、水力学、热学和潮气运动、土力学和声学等问题;并用来处理大量信息,建立从前期设计,经施工到最后房地产 The scope of application of the computer in the construction industry in the United States began to be limited to structural analysis, energy analysis, preparation of contract documents, and cost estimation. Since the 1980s, due to the significant increase in the capacity of computers, the significant drop in prices has provided opportunities for computers to expand their use in the construction industry. The trend is to use computers for all types of engineering and engineering processes, and to perform all functions from initial design, construction, design changes, remodeling, expansion, and maintenance management. The application of computer systems will also promote the automation of construction equipment and the automation of construction equipment to form an integrated engineering information system, which will provide timely, accurate, and economical information for all participants in the building production process. Swedish computers have been used in planning and design, construction management, materials production, construction use and real estate management. The development of computer technology and the development of computer-assisted calculation methods have solved the problems of building mechanics, hydraulics, thermals, and tidal movements, soil mechanics, and acoustics that were considered difficult to handle in the past; and they are used to process large amounts of information and establish early-stage designs. After construction to the final real estate