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采用盆栽试验,以郑单958为供试材料,研究铅胁迫对玉米成熟期子粒胚乳中淀粉粒度分布及子粒产量、品质性状的影响。以2μm和15μm为界限,将淀粉粒分为小型、中型和大型3类。结果表明,玉米淀粉粒主要由小型淀粉粒构成,占总淀粉粒数目的 96.15%～97.24%。随铅胁迫水平增加,中、小型淀粉粒体积分布对总体积分布贡献率、表面积分布对总表面积分布贡献率呈先降低后升高趋势,大型淀粉粒趋势相反;小型淀粉粒数目分布对总淀粉粒数目贡献率呈先降低后升高趋势,大、中型淀粉粒趋势相反。铅胁迫显著影响夏玉米子粒产量及品质性状,表现为总淀粉含量呈先降低后升高趋势,而生物量积累、产量及其他品质指标变化趋势相反。子粒中铅元素含量随施铅量增加呈线性增加,相关系数R2=0.983 3。土壤中铅含量应控制在284 mg/kg以下。
Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of lead stress on the grain size distribution, grain yield and grain quality of grain endosperm at the mature stage of maize using Zhengdan 958 as test material. With 2μm and 15μm as the boundaries, the starch grains are divided into small, medium and large 3 categories. The results showed that the corn starch granules mainly consisted of small starch granules, accounting for 96.15% -97.24% of the total starch granules. With the increase of lead stress, the contribution of the volume distribution of medium and small starch granules to the total volume distribution, the contribution of surface area distribution to the total surface area distribution firstly decreased and then increased, while that of the large starch granules reversed. The distribution of small starch granules affected the total starch The contribution rate of grain number first decreased and then increased, while that of large and medium starch grains reversed. Lead stress significantly affected the yield and quality traits of summer maize. The results showed that the content of total starch decreased first and then increased, but the trend of biomass accumulation, yield and other quality indexes was opposite. The content of lead in seeds increased linearly with the increase of lead application, the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.983 3. Lead in soil should be controlled below 284 mg / kg.