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分别在湖南的郴州和长沙选定两小流域(SZY和LKS),从小流域规模分析了酸雨频降区两小流域土壤的主要理化特性和土壤锰铝形态及其分布,并讨论了锰铝各形态和土壤有机质,土壤pH值之间的相关性。结果表明:在小流域SZY土壤中,各种形态的锰铝含量均高于小流域LKS土壤中对应形态的锰铝含量;在同一剖面,各种形态的锰铝含量有表土高于底土的趋势。在两小流域土壤中,除无定形锰(Mnox)外各种形态的锰铝均与土壤有机质呈正相关。铝的溶出与土壤有机质和土壤pH值有关。酸沉降能影响毒性元素铝形态的转化和淋溶。活性铝、锰形态可能富集在土壤表层或植物根际等富含有机质的区域,酸沉降或其它环境条件可能促进铝、锰形态在土壤表层或植物根际的转化和溶出,从而导致毒害。
Two small watersheds (SZY and LKS) were selected in Chenzhou and Changsha of Hunan Province respectively. The main physical and chemical characteristics and soil Mn-Al morphologies and distribution in two watersheds with decreasing frequency of acid rain were analyzed from the scale of small watershed. Morphology and soil organic matter, soil pH value of the correlation. The results show that the contents of manganese and aluminum in various forms of SZY in small watershed are higher than those of LKS in small watershed. In the same section, the content of manganese and aluminum in various forms is higher than that of subsoil . In the soil of the two small watersheds, all forms of manganese and aluminum, except amorphous Mnox, were positively correlated with soil organic matter. Aluminum dissolution and soil organic matter and soil pH value. Acid deposition can affect the transformation and leaching of the toxic elemental aluminum species. Active forms of aluminum and manganese may be enriched in areas rich in organic matter such as soil surface or plant rhizosphere. Acid deposition or other environmental conditions may promote the transformation and dissolution of aluminum and manganese forms on soil surface or plant rhizosphere, resulting in poisoning.