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建立一个包含城市拥挤成本的非对称新经济地理学模型,分别从工人、地方政府和中央政府的视角,分析区域一体化的福利效应。研究发现:区域一体化有助于社会总体福利改善,但对不同经济主体的影响不同;区域一体化总体可以改善熟练工人的福利,但对不可流动工人的影响则取决于其区位。地方政府对区域一体化的偏好取决于其政策目标,若其目标是在“晋升锦标赛”中获胜,则总有地区倾向于市场分割策略;而以本地居民福利最大化为目标时,则两地区有机会通过区域一体化实现共赢。中央政府需要权衡效率和公平之间的关系,在通过区域一体化水平提高经济系统整体效率的同时,也必然会经历一个区域发展差距扩大的阵痛期,需要采取转移支付等措施来缓解区域差距过大带来的负面影响。
An asymmetric economic geography model with urban congestion costs is established to analyze the welfare effects of regional integration from the perspectives of workers, local governments and central government respectively. The findings are as follows: Regional integration contributes to the improvement of overall social welfare, but has different impacts on different economic subjects. Regional integration can generally improve the well-being of skilled workers, but the impact on non-migrant workers depends on their location. Local governments’ preference for regional integration depends on their policy goals. If their goal is to win the “championship tournament,” there will always be regions that are inclined toward market segmentation strategies. When the goal is to maximize the welfare of local residents, Both regions have the opportunity to achieve win-win through regional integration. The central government needs to weigh the relationship between efficiency and fairness. While enhancing the overall efficiency of the economic system through regional integration, it will inevitably experience a painful period of widening regional development gap. Measures such as transfer payments will be needed to ease the regional disparity The big negative impact.