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土壤是农业生产中的重要资源,降低农用化学品的投入、提高土壤质量、保持土壤健康是实现农业可持续发展的关键因素。现代农业以集约化生产为特征,高效农业给农民带来了显著的经济效益,但也给土壤增加了巨大负担,以土传病害为主的土壤连作障碍危害严重。因此,国际学术界提出了“抑病型土壤(disease suppressive soil)”这个名词,以防控土传病害发生为主要目的,其潜在的利用价值还未得到充分开发。根际土壤微生物区系与植物根系的生长和代谢密切相关,对植物营养元素的供给和植物健康的维持发挥着重要作用。国内外对抑病型土壤根际微生物区系特征的研究已有较多报道,而对根际土壤微生物区系与土壤抑病性之间的关系以及如何通过调控根际微生物区系来诱导抑病型土壤的形成等方面的研究,正在成为土壤微生物和植物病理交叉研究领域的热门课题。本文综述了抑病型土壤微生物区系的特征及抑病型土壤微生物区系的调控措施等方面的研究进展。
Soil is an important resource in agricultural production. Reducing input of agricultural chemicals, improving soil quality and maintaining soil health are the key factors for achieving sustainable agricultural development. Modern agriculture is characterized by intensive production. High-efficiency agriculture has brought significant economic benefits to farmers. However, it has also brought a huge burden on soils. Soil continuous cropping obstacles, which are mainly soil-borne diseases, are seriously endangered. Therefore, the international academic community has proposed the term “disease suppressive soil” to prevent the occurrence of soil-borne diseases as its main purpose, and its potential utilization value has not yet been fully exploited. Rhizosphere soil microbial flora and plant root growth and metabolism are closely related to the supply of plant nutrient elements and plant health plays an important role. At home and abroad, the study on the characteristics of microflora in the rhizosphere of inhibited soil has been reported. However, the relationship between rhizosphere microbial flora and soil disease resistance and how to control rhizosphere microbial flora The formation of disease-type soil research, is becoming a hot topic in the field of soil microbial and plant pathology cross-cutting research. This review summarizes the research progress of the characteristics of the microflora in the disease-inhibiting soil and the control measures of the microflora in the disease-inhibiting soil.