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本文通过对印度洋、北太平洋海表温度与夏季西太平洋副高特征量进行相关分析来研究两大洋海温与西太平洋副高长期变动的关系。分析得出,海温和夏季西太平洋副高的强度关系十分密切。空间上表现为相关敏感区位于洋流区和季风流区;时间上海温变化超前于副高,且两大洋超前的时间有差异。海温与副高位置变动的关系在两大洋亦有不同。北太平洋海温与副高南北位置变动有较好相关,相关区主要分布在洋流区,而印度洋没有明显相关。对副高东西位置变动,印度洋海温的作用强于北太平洋海温,相关区主要都分布在冷暖海流交汇处附近。两大洋与副高长期变动的相关敏感区的起迄时间大体上与大洋上空大气环流的转换期相对应。
In this paper, the correlation between the sea surface temperature in the Indian Ocean, the North Pacific Ocean and the characteristics of the Western Pacific subtropical high in summer is studied to study the relationship between the SST in the two oceans and the long-term changes in the western Pacific subtropical high. The analysis shows that the relationship between SST and the strength of the western Pacific subtropical high in summer is very close. Spatially, the related sensitive areas are located in the ocean current area and the monsoon flow area. The variation of temperature in the upper reaches of Shanghai in time is higher than that in the subtropical high, and there are differences between the two oceans in advance. The relationship between sea surface temperature and the position of the subtropical high varies between the two oceans. The North Pacific SST is related well with the south-north position of the subtropical high. The related areas are mainly distributed in the ocean current area, while the Indian Ocean has no obvious correlation. For the changes in the position of the subtropical high, the SST of the Indian Ocean is stronger than that of the SST in the North Pacific, and the relevant areas are mainly located near the interchange of the cold and warm currents. The onset and departure of the sensitive areas associated with the long-term changes of the two oceans and their subtropical highs generally correspond to the conversion periods of the atmospheric circulation over the ocean.