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用挤出成型法制备了不同硼酸锌含量的稻壳/PVC复合材料,考察了硼酸锌的添加量对复合材料的力学性能、防水性能和热稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,除了热稳定性以外,硼酸锌的添加量对各项性能的影响均为先增加后降低。当硼酸锌含量为1.5%(wt,质量分数)时综合性能较好,与未添加硼酸锌的复合材料相比,其拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了4.5%、39.1%、0.1%和0.2%,8d的吸水率降低了27.8%,热分解后失重率从21.1%提高到30.2%。这可能是因为适量的硼酸锌加入,可以改善PVC和稻壳粉的界面相容性,使得稻壳/PVC复合材料的综合理化性能得以提高。
The husk / PVC composites with different content of zinc borate were prepared by extrusion molding. The effects of zinc borate dosage on the mechanical properties, water resistance and thermal stability of the composites were investigated. The experimental results show that in addition to thermal stability, the addition of zinc borate to the performance of all the first increase and then decrease. The tensile strength, impact strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus increased by 4.5% when the content of zinc borate was 1.5% (wt, mass fraction), respectively. Compared with the composites without zinc borate, 39.1%, 0.1% and 0.2% respectively. The water absorption decreased by 27.8% after 8 days and increased from 21.1% to 30.2% after pyrolysis. This may be because an appropriate amount of zinc borate can improve the interfacial compatibility between PVC and rice hull flour and improve the comprehensive physicochemical properties of rice hull / PVC composites.