遗嘱是人生的终止符,也是传记的重要元素。遗嘱文作为一种特殊的文体是独立存在的,按内容来说大致有政治遗嘱、家事遗嘱、财产遗嘱、烈士遗嘱几种。不同的人写的遗嘱不拘一格,各有侧重。在中国近现代历史上,孙中山、王国维、鲁迅、胡适、郁达夫的遗嘱具有代表性,本文以他们五个人的遗嘱为例,就政治遗嘱和文人的遗嘱作一些简要的分析介绍。 Wills are the terminator of life and an important element of biography. Wills as a special style is an independent existence, according to the content of roughly political wills, family wills, property wills, martyr wills several. Different people write wills eclectic, each with its own focus. In the modern history of China, the wills of Sun Yat-sen, Wang Guowei, Lu Xun, Hu Shi, Yu Dafu are representative. Taking the will of their five people as an example, this article gives some brief introduction about the wills of political will and literati.