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一引言关中是陕西主要小麦产区。1934年前後有三个农场开始在关中农家小麦品种中大量采选单穗,西北农学院并引进了潘西维尔世界小麦1219种和中国小麦1972种进行试验。这一时期的选种工作到1940年结束,获得了三个结论。第一,关中农家小麦品种以螞蚱麦最好,丰产性最大,在渭河沿岸生长最好。各农场选出的推广品种如302号、陕农七号、武功螞蚱麦都是来自螞蚱麦。第二,外来品种的产量都不如螞蚱麦,仅碧玉麦的产量有些年份还能超过螞蚱麦,但因怕冷,产量很不稳定。第三,当时从螞蚱麦中选出的一些品种,只是在产量上提高了10%左右,而它们的抗条锈
An Introduction Guanzhong is a major wheat producing area in Shaanxi Province. Around 1934, three farms started to harvest a large number of single spikes in Guanzhong peasant wheat varieties, Northwest Agricultural College and introduced 1219 Pheasantville world wheat varieties and 1972 Chinese wheat varieties for testing. The selection work for this period ended in 1940, and three conclusions were obtained. First, Guanzhong peasant wheat varieties with grasshopper wheat best, most productive, the best growth in the Weihe River. The promotion of the selected varieties of farms such as 302, Shannong 7, martial arts grasshopper wheat are from grasshopper wheat. Second, the output of exotic species is not as good as that of grasshopper wheat, and the yield of jasper can only exceed that of grasshopper wheat in some years, but the output is very unstable due to the cold. Third, some varieties selected from grasshoppers at that time only increased their yield by about 10%, while their resistance to stripe rust